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Expressing Opinions
| Expression | Meaning | Example |
Clearly | Easy to understand or see | Clearly, the economy is not going to improve this year. |
| Personally | Showing that it is your opinion | Personally, I don't think the legal drinking age should be reduced. Others may disagree. |
| Generally | Usually, or in most situations | Generally, the trains are a lot more reliable than the buses in my country. |
| Surprisingly | Unexpectedly or in a way that is unusual | Surprisingly, the government prohibited smoking in all public places last year. I never thought this would happen. |
| Inevitably | In a way that cannot be avoided | I didn't study much. Inevitably, I didn't get the score I needed. |
| Predictably | As expected | Predictably, problems are now occurring in the city because of overpopulation. |
| Frankly | To be honest and direct | Frankly, I wish I'd waited before taking the IELTS test as I'm not ready! |
Sadly | Unhappy, sad or sorry about something | Regrettably, my family could never return to their country because of the civil war. |
And after expressing your opinions, here are some ways that you can justify them:
Justifying Opinions
| Generally, the trains are a lot more reliable than the buses in my country... | ...as the government has invested a lot of money into the system. ...because the government has... ...since the government has... ...due to the fact that the government has... ...because of the government's investment of money into the system. ...due to the government's investment of... ...as a result of the government's investment of... ...as a consequence of the government's investment of...
|
| Generally, the trains are a lot more reliable than the buses in my country. | The reason for this is that the government... This is because the government has... This is due to the fact that the government has... This is due to the government's investment of... This is because of the government's investment of... This is as a result of the government's investment of... This is as a consequence of the government's investment of... |
Expressing Opinions - Practice
Now it's your turn.
In questions 1-5, choose which adverbial phrase should go in the gap. Look carefully at the rest of the sentence. Is it something surprising? Sad? Obvious? Predictable? Typical?
In the next 5 questions, choose the correct justifying phrase to go in the gap. Again, look at the sentence.
You need to decide which one will fit grammatically. Is it followed by a noun or a subject and a verb?
6. Predictably, temperatures are continuing to rise a lack of action by governments.7. Sadly, more refugees are fleeing the country the war is continuing.
8. Obviously, the failure rate in schools is high the low numbers of teachers.
9. Generally, people are having children later in life. many more women are now working.
10. Personally, I don't believe that unemployment will fall. the unwillingness of companies to hire new staff.
These are some of the types of IELTS essays you can get in the test:
- Agree / disagree
- Discuss two opinions
- Advantages & disadvantages
- Causes (reasons) & solutions
- Causes (reasons) & effects
- Problems & solutions
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic:
In
the last 20 years there have been significant developments in the field
of information technology (IT), for example the World Wide Web and
communication by email. However, these developments in IT are likely to
have more negative effects than positive in the future.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge.
Write at least 250 words.
1) Introduction
ou should do just two things:
- State the topic of the essay, using some basic facts (that you may be able to take from the question)
- Say what you are going to write about
The conclusion only needs to be one or two sentences, and you can do the following:
- Re-state what the essay is about (re-write the last sentence of your introduction in different words)
- Give some thoughts about the future
Choose the correct letter A, B or C.
11. Each day, pandas need to eat:
A Very little nutrition
B 12-38 kg of bamboo
C 330 pounds of bamboo
12. If pandas are cared for away from the wild, they can live for approximately:
A 6 months
B 14-20 years
C 30 years
Questions 13-14
Choose TWO letters A-E.
Select two things that are endangering pandas:
A Public awareness
B Ecotourism
C Poaching
D Other wildlife
E Building of roads and railroads
Questions 15-16
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND / OR A NUMBER.
15. What proportion of the panda population in China is protected by reserves?
16. What did the WWF create which encouraged people to support pandas?
Questions 17 - 20
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
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1
Indian Marriages
Marriage is one of the oldest human institutions and this is as true in Indian culture as anywhere else. In India marriage, called “Kanyadana" or “donating a virgin”, is thought of as the greatest sacrifice that a father can make and for the groom as an obligation to perpetuate his bloodline. Many people believe that a marriage is still binding after death.
In early times girls were thought to be ready for marriage after puberty and later even children could be married. Divorce and remarriage were not always possible. By Medieval times Marriage was compulsory for girls, who very often married between the ages of eight and nine. Among those able to afford it, polygamy was common and rulers would often have one wife from their own region and other minor wives from other areas. Now, divorce and remarriage is possible and non-Muslim Indian men can only have one wife.
Although are many regional variations, some features of the Indian wedding ceremony are similar throughout the country. In general weddings are very complicated events and involve long negotiations about dowry payments prior to the event. After this has been decided a day is chosen by asking an astrologer to find a lucky day. Preparations begin early because a marriage is not only one of the highlights a person’s life, but a large and complex social gathering to organize.
The night before, the bride, her friends and female relatives gather together for a party called a “mehendi”, where they paint each other’s hands and feet with Henna and dance and listen to music. Her guests often give the bride advice about married life and tease her about her future husband. Weddings are traditionally held at the bride’s home or in a temple, but parks, hotels and marriage halls are becoming increasingly popular. On the day a wedding altar or “mandapa” is built and covered in flowers. All of the wedding ceremony will be held in the altar.
The clothing a couple wear on their wedding day varies between regions and ethnic groups. Women most commonly wear a sari. The bride wears a lot of jewelry as this symbolizes the prosperity she will bring to her new family. In the South wearing flowers is common. The groom wears traditional costume or a suit. Turbans are also popular headgear.
The ceremony begins with a mixture of tumeric, sandlewood paste and oils being applied to the couples face and arms. In the past this was done to the whole body, but now it is only symbolic, with only a little being rubbed on. Then they are showered in flowers. After this they perform the rituals that will make them man and wife. First they garland each other and then take seven symbolic steps together representing seven gifts and seven promises.
Finally they say the
vows and then they are legally married. The bride’s father or
guardian takes her hands and puts them in her husband’s giving her to
him. Now she is no longer a member of her father’s family, but a
member of her husband’s. They then touch the feet of their elders for
luck.
After the wedding ceremony, the couple go to the groom’s house. The bride should be careful to enter the house right foot first for luck. In the evening and late into the night the families and their guests celebrate with dancing, music and food.
568 words
IELTS Reading Passage - Questions:
Circle the correct answers A – D.
1. In India weddings are …A a duty for the man to continue his family.
B thought to end at death.
C a duty for the father.
D seen asa benefit for the father.
2. Divorce and remarriage …
A are only possible for non-Muslims.
B were sometimes not possible in the past.
C have always been possible.
D have only become possible in modern times.
3. Indian weddings …
A are straightforward and brief.
B are thought to be lucky
C are intricate and time consuming.
D involve only the immediate family.
Complete the statements below. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.
- The evening prior to the wedding, the wife-to-be is given recommendations about ____________________.
- The wedding ceremony is conducted in a special ____________________.
- The gold and jewels the bride wears represent ____________________ .
- These days, the materials applied to the face and arms at the start of the ceremony are just ____________________..
- After the wedding, the bride has left ____________________ and belongs to her husband’s.
- It is important that the new bride goes into the new house with her _____________________.
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